The Biology of Light
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is not magic; it is biochemistry. By exposing the body to specific wavelengths of light, we can modulate cellular function, reduce oxidative stress, and improve energy production efficiency.
Cellular Respiration & ATP
The primary chromophore (light absorber) in red light therapy is Cytochrome C Oxidase (CCO), an enzyme found within the mitochondrial membrane.
When cells are stressed, nitric oxide (NO) binds to CCO, halting energy production. Red and near-infrared light disassociates this nitric oxide, allowing oxygen to bind again. This restores the electron transport chain, leading to a surge in Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) production—the chemical fuel for all cellular processes.
See Reference [3] regarding mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects.
Stressed Cell
Nitric Oxide blocks energy
Red Light
Photons absorbed by CCO
Energy Restored
NO displaced, O2 returns
Result: Enhanced cellular function and regeneration.
The Bioactive Spectrum
Research indicates that specific "therapeutic windows" of light absorption exist. Our panels utilize a multi-wave array covering the entire effective spectrum from 630nm to 1060nm.
Red Light
630, 650, 660, 670 nm
These wavelengths are heavily absorbed by the skin's fibroblasts. They are clinically cited for increasing collagen synthesis, reducing fine lines, and accelerating wound closure.
Ref [1] Avci et al. (2013)
Near-Infrared
810, 830, 850 nm
Penetrates past the dermis into muscle tissue and joints. Studies compare 830nm favorably for muscle fatigue resistance and reducing inflammatory markers in skeletal muscle.
Ref [4] de Almeida et al. (2012)
Deep Infrared
1060 nm
The longest wavelength in the therapeutic window. It offers maximum penetration depth, potentially influencing metabolic processes and thermal regulation deep within the body core.
Areas of Research
Current scientific literature focuses on these primary biological outcomes.
Dermatology & Wound Healing
Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) has been shown to stimulate healing and restore function in skin cells. It is widely researched for treating acne, scarring, and promoting collagen production.
Source: Reference [1]
Muscle Performance & Fatigue
Studies involving athletes suggest that PBM applied to skeletal muscle can delay the onset of muscle fatigue and decrease post-exercise recovery time by mitigating oxidative stress.
Source: Reference [2], [4]
Systemic Inflammation
Research highlights the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PBM, noting reductions in cytokines and potential benefits for conditions characterized by chronic inflammation, such as arthritis.
Source: Reference [3]
Sleep Quality
Evidence suggests that red light therapy can improve sleep quality and endurance performance, likely by influencing melatonin production and circadian rhythms.
Source: Reference [5]
Mental Clarity & Cognitive Function
Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is being studied for its potential to enhance cognitive performance, improve memory, and reduce brain fog by increasing cerebral blood flow and mitochondrial function in neurons.
Source: Emerging Research
Hair Growth & Scalp Health
Red light therapy has been FDA-cleared for treating androgenetic alopecia. It stimulates hair follicles, prolongs the anagen (growth) phase, and increases hair density and thickness.
Source: Clinical Studies
Scientific References
[1] Avci, P., Gupta, A., Sadasivam, M., et al. (2013). Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring. Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 32(1), 41–52.
[2] Ferraresi, C., Huang, Y. Y., & Hamblin, M. R. (2016). Photobiomodulation in human muscle tissue: an advantage in sports performance? Journal of Biophotonics, 9(11-12), 1273–1299.
[3] Hamblin, M. R. (2017). Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation. AIMS Biophysics, 4(3), 337–361.
[4] de Almeida, P., Lopes-Martins, R. A., De Marchi, T., et al. (2012). Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: what is better? Lasers in Medical Science, 27(2), 453–462.
[5] Zhao, J., Tian, Y., Nie, J., et al. (2012). Red light and the sleep quality and endurance performance of Chinese female basketball players. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(6), 673–678.
*These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The information on this page is for educational purposes only.